|
|
饲料，永远是我国兔业的重要研究课题，也是养兔生产中最为敏感的技术环节。在畜牧生产中，与其他畜禽比较，家兔对饲料最为敏感，因此，对饲料质量的依赖性更强。但是，我国家兔饲料工业的发展相对滞后，很多问题有待解决。在此转载我去年的一篇文章（发表在中国畜牧杂志上），希望起到抛砖引玉的作用
<P> </P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">我国家兔饲料业存在的问题与对策</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN> </P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">谷子林</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT></SPAN> </P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com<img src=" /><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 20.85pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.98" class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">摘要</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：本文简述了家兔消化生理和对饲料的需求特点。指出我***兔饲料业存在的五大问题：粗饲料资源丰富，利用难度大；小型料厂星罗棋布，无序竞争激烈；尚无统一营养标准，饲料质量千差万别；饲料纠纷不断，兔农苦不堪言；药物滥用，安全隐患严重。针对以上问题，提出了发展我***兔饲料业的四点建议，即：改变思维模式，开发粗饲料资源；加强饲料营养基础研究；加速草业产业化进程和规范饲料企业管理。</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">关键词</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：家兔，饲料业，粗饲料，问题，对策</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中图分类号：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">S816.5<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文献表示码：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">A</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">饲料是营养的载体，在发展养殖业中扮演着不可替代的重要角色。作为畜牧养殖业中的小弟弟——养兔业，由解放初期的零星散养，到今天的规模化、集约化和产业化雏形的出现，迅猛发展。伴随而来的家兔饲料业如雨后春笋，茁壮成长。养兔由五六十年代的自然饲料（一把草），到七八十年代的混合饲料，再到九十年代初期的配合饲料和今天的全价颗粒饲料。饲料生产也由自产自用的家庭型逐渐发展为专门饲料企业工厂化生产为主体的半商品型。家兔饲料业一步一个脚印，记载着我***兔养殖业的发展进程。</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在我们庆贺我国家兔养殖业和饲料业取得飞速发展的同时，我们必须清醒地看到我***兔饲料业存在的问题与不足，正视它们，研究对策，促进我国养兔业的健康发展。</SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>1</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">家兔消化生理和对饲料需求特点<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.1</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">粗饲料不可替代</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。家兔属于单胃草食家兔，粗纤维是其最重要的营养素之一，而且是不可替代的营养。家兔发达的盲肠内含有复杂的微生物区系，其作用如同牛羊的瘤胃。粗纤维不仅仅提供一些营养，更重要的是对于维持家兔肠道正常的微生物区系的平衡发挥重要的作用</SPAN><SUP><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">[1][2]</FONT></SPAN></SUP><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。一些兔场或饲料厂在饲料方面出现问题，往往与粗纤维的不适当有关。粗纤维过多过少都将对家兔的生产性能、营养利用和健康产生不利影响</SPAN><SUP><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">[3][4]</FONT></SPAN></SUP><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。一般家兔的全价饲料中，粗饲料的比例达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">40%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">～</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">45%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。如果使用优质牧草，其比例甚至达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">50%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。目前关于家兔饲料中粗纤维的适宜含量不同***不尽一致。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">NRC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">规定生长育肥兔日粮粗纤维</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">10%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">～</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">12%<SUP>[5]</SUP>,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">而</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">W.Schlolaut</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">认为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">9%~12%<SUP>[6]</SUP></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Lebas F</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">则推荐</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">14%<SUP>[7]</SUP></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，丁晓明等推荐为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">10~14%<SUP>[8]</SUP></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。根据笔者研究，生长兔以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">12%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为宜，繁殖期家兔以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">12%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">～</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">14%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">最佳</SPAN><SUP><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">[9]</FONT></SPAN></SUP><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.2</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">营养的转化率高</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。尽管家兔耐受粗纤维，但对粗纤维的消化率较低（一般</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">20%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">～</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">23%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）。但可充分利用粗饲料中的蛋白质和脂肪等营养。比如，对苜蓿草的蛋白质的消化率达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">73.7%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，高于猪（≤</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">50%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）。对全株玉米蛋白质的消化率达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">80.2%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，高于马（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">53.0%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）；对苜蓿干草和全价配合饲料中脂肪的消化率分别达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">23.6%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">46.0%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，远远高于马（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.4%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">33.5%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）。大量的研究表明，家兔对饲料营养转化为肉、皮、毛等产品的效率高于反刍动物的牛和羊。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.3</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">消化道机能脆弱</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。实践表明，家兔容易患消化道疾病，尤其是腹泻病，占到家兔总发病率的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">60%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以上。无论是饲料改变，还是营养不平衡，或搭配不当，或其他物理的、化学的、生物的因素，均可影响家兔的胃肠功能而导致疾病。给饲料生产企业提出更高的要求。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.4</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">对有毒物质敏感</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。家兔对饲料中的有毒物质非常敏感。比如：霉菌毒素、各种抗营养因子、棉酚等。含有相同浓度以上物质的饲料饲喂其他畜禽可能不表现明显的临床症状，但家兔却症状非常明显。这也给饲料企业提出一个严肃的课题。</SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 0.1pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.5</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">对饲料有选择性</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。家兔对不同的饲料有不同的反应。喜欢吃植物性饲料而不喜欢吃动物性饲料；喜欢吃粒料而不喜欢吃粉料；喜欢采食含有植物油较多的饲料；家兔喜欢吃有甜味的饲料等。给家兔提供饲料，必须投其所好，才能获其所爱。</SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>2.</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">我***兔饲料业存在的问题<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">粗饲料资源丰富，利用难度大。家兔属于单胃草食家畜，饲草和秸秆是其必备饲料原料。我国幅员辽阔，作物秸秆和饲草资源极其丰富。据资料介绍，我国各种可饲用的秸秆及秧、蔓年总产量</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">亿吨左右</SPAN><SUP><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">[10]</FONT></SPAN></SUP><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。加之我国种植了部分人工牧草（如人工种草面积</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.134</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">亿公顷）和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.</FONT>ffice:smarttags" />ffice:smarttags" /><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com<img src=" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="1" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="200000000" UnitName="公顷"><FONT face="Times New Roman">02</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN lang=EN-US>亿公顷</SPAN></SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>的天然草场</SPAN><SUP><FONT face="Times New Roman">[11]</FONT></SUP></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（尽管存在不同程度的退化现象），饲草产量不可低估。而家兔饲料生产中遇到的最大难题是粗饲料难以解决。一是优质牧草价格高、供应紧张。比如，苜蓿干草主要用于大中城市郊区奶牛养殖，其价格在每吨</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元左右，家兔饲料成本难以承受；二是粗饲料种类繁多、零散，难以搜集；三是粗饲料体积大、比重轻，贮藏难度大；四是多数粗饲料存在安全隐患，尤其是发霉现象不较普遍，限制其安全使用。据笔者了解，我国大大小小的家兔饲料生产企业和养殖场，鲜有在粗饲料方面不出现失误。粗饲料已经成为限制我***兔养殖业规模化发展的最大限制因素之一！</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小型料厂星罗棋布，无序竞争激烈。与猪料和鸡料生产不同，家兔饲料生产企业起步较晚，规模较小，但数量大，分布广泛。据了解，河北省家兔饲料工业是发展较早的省份，目前有不同规模的饲料厂近百家。尽管一些企业的产品在国内</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">余个省市销售，但真正的大型企业寥寥无几。其他省市情况大同小异。产品规格不高，无序竞争激烈，大打价格战是一种普遍现象。</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">尚无统一营养标准，饲料质量千差万别。家兔的营养标准很多，我国在八十年代末期曾经制定了家兔营养标准，但后来未见修订。而资料上多介绍美国、德国和法国的标准。饲料企业和家兔养殖场在饲料标准的制定方面无所适从，多数采取摸着石头过河的方法。因此，不同饲料厂家的产品差异较大。</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">饲料纠纷不断，兔农苦不堪言。制作家兔饲料并非易事。尤其是对于普通的农村家庭兔场，缺乏饲料生产和家兔营养的专业培训。因此，很多兔场选择使用商品饲料。但生产中出现问题很多，比如：中毒性疾病、腹泻病、流产和死胎、球虫等。对于缺乏专业知识的广大兔农而言，出现上述问题难以解决。而一些饲料厂家缺乏责任感，对于明显属于饲料的问题却推脱搪塞。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2003</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月笔者曾经遇到一例，由于饲料原因，种兔死亡</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">800</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">余只，举证难度大，官司至今不了了之，兔农叫苦不迭！</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">药物滥用，安全隐患严重。家兔的疾病较多，尤其是消化道疾病，成为养兔生产和饲料生产的难题之一。一些养殖场和饲料厂，为了预防疾病和生产“安全”饲料，往往自觉或不自觉地在饲料中添加药物，给绿色兔肉生产带来严重的隐患！</SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US>3.</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">发展我***兔饲料业的建议<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改变思维模式，开发粗饲料资源。养兔业大发展是不可逆转的趋势，而粗饲料需求与日俱增。如何才能满足养兔业快速发展的需要，必须改变思维模式，开发新的粗饲料资源。主要途径有四：种（扩大种植优质牧草和饲料林木）；采（大量采集作物秸秆、藤蔓、荚壳、树叶等）；加（粗饲料的加工处理，包括物理处理、化学处理、生物处理和复合处理等，以提高利用率）；开（开发新的粗饲料资源，尤其是工业加工副产品，具有数量大、质量优、均匀度好、营养价值高等优点。如酒厂副产品、糖厂副产品、醋厂副产品、植物色素厂副产品、果品罐头厂副产品，等等）。</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">加强饲料营养基础研究。科技攻关为饲料业提供技术支撑。对于家兔营养和饲料的研究，我国远远落后于家禽和猪的研究，甚至低于奶牛、肉牛和羊的研究。没有足够的基础和应用基础研究，兔业的发展将缺乏后劲。从事家兔研究的科技工作者，特别是从事家兔营养和饲料研究的科技人员，应通过不同途径，积极申请有关的科研立项，深入研究适于我国条件的家兔营养需要，开发饲料资源和设计饲料配方。</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">加速草业产业化进程。没有粗饲料的产业化，难有我国兔业的规模化。目前国内很少有人从事粗饲料的开发，而专门的企业更是寥寥无几。我国人工种植的牧草数量有限，而其干制基本上是自然干燥。遇有不良天气，损失很大；作物秸秆也少有人深入开发。粗饲料开发潜力巨大。谁先涉足这一行业，谁就能抢先占领市场，赢得商机。</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">规范饲料企业管理。规模小、设备工艺落后和技术含量低是目前多数家兔饲料厂存在的问题。缺乏高层次的技术人员和技术成果支撑是饲料企业的普遍现象。检测手段落后、饲料原料来源杂乱、滥用药物等成为影响饲料企业稳定发展的限制因素。目前我国畜牧业正处于从数量型向质量型过渡的关键时期，养兔业正处于国内国际两大市场开发的攻关阶段，只有生产出优质绿色的产品，才能更好地开发两大市场，因此，规范管理，标准化生产成为饲料企业的当务之急。</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">参考文献</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>1. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">谷子林，霍贵成，张玉华等</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">日粮粗纤维及对家兔的生理功能</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>[J].</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">饲料工业</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>,2002</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">，</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>23</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">（</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>11</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">）：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>16</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">～</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>18.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>2. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>Gidenne, T. Nutritional and ontogenic factors affecting the rabbit caeco-colic digestive physiology[C]. In: F. Lebas (Ed.) Proc. 6thWorld Rabbit Congr., INRA, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Toulouse</st1:City></st1:place>. pp 1996.13−28.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">董亚芳</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">家兔腹泻病主要病原及防治对策</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">上</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>)[J].</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中国养兔杂志</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>,1998</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">～</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>5.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>4. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">金岭梅</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">日粮粗纤维水平对兔饲料消化率的影响</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>[J].</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">甘肃畜牧兽医</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>,1994</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>24</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">～</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>9.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class=MsoNormal align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>5.NRC.Nutritional Requirements of Rabbits[M].National <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Academy of Science</st1:City>,<st1:State w:st="on">Washington</st1:State></st1:place>, DC.1977.1-30.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class=MsoNormal align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>6. Schlolant W A.Compendium of Rabbit Production[M].German,1985.75.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class=MsoNormal align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>7.Lebas F.Nutrient requirements of rabbits[J].J Appl Rabbit Ret,1998,(3):14-16.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class=MsoNormal align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>8.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">丁晓明</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">曹光辛</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">陆治年</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">等</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">家兔的建议供给量</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>[J].</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中国养兔杂志</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>,1989,(1):22224.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class=MsoNormal align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>9. GU Z. L., CHEN B. J., LI J.et al. 2004.STUDY ON THE OPTIMAL CRUDE FIBER CONTENT OF GROWING REX RABBIT DIET .8th World Rabbit Congress,Mexico:865-868:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class=MsoNormal align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>10.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">白杉</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我国秸秆饲料的分布及加工发展现状</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US> [</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Ｊ</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>].</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">江西饲料，</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>2004(2)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>1-3<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class=MsoNormal align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>11.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">刘加文</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我国草业发展的战略思路</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>[J].</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中国牧业通讯，</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>2007(5)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US>16-19<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P> </P> |
|
[复制链接]
|小黑屋|手机客户端|Archiver|东兔养兔论坛
( 京ICP备14009985号-3 )
发表于 2008-8-17 16:56:07
QQ好友和群
QQ空间
腾讯微博
腾讯朋友
微信
收藏
分享
淘帖
顶
踩
发表于 2008-8-17 17:59:06
楼主